Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/22836
Title: Elucidating the roles of solubility and ventilation-perfusion mismatch in the second gas effect using a two-step model of gas exchange.
Austin Authors: Korman, Ben;Dash, Ranjan K;Peyton, Philip J 
Affiliation: Royal Perth Hospital
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Issue Date: 1-Jun-2020
Date: 2020-03-19
Publication information: Journal of applied physiology 2020; 128(6): 1587-1593
Abstract: The second gas effect occurs when high inspired concentrations of a first gas, usually nitrous oxide, enhance the uptake of other gases administered simultaneously. The second gas effect is greater in blood than in the gas phase; persists well into the period of nitrous oxide maintenance anesthesia; increases as the degree of ventilation-perfusion mismatch increases; and is most pronounced with the low soluble agents in current use. Yet, how low gas solubility and increased ventilation-perfusion mismatch can combine to improve gas transfer remains unclear, which is the focus of the present study. Specifically, we have used a two-step model of steady-state gas exchange to separate the effect of gas volume contraction, which accompanies the first gas uptake, from other factors. Step 1 involves the uptake of the second gas at constant volume. Contraction of gas volume takes place in step 2 and is most effective in transferring further amounts of gas to blood if the volume of second gas exposed to the contraction is maximized, i.e. if the loss of second gas in step 1 is minimized. Minimization depends on having a gas with a low solubility in blood and increases as the degree of ventilation-perfusion mismatch increases. The effectiveness of the contraction also requires a favorable alignment with the retained second gas. Alignment depends on the solubility of both gases and the degree of ventilation-perfusion mismatch. The model is fully consistent with the classical concepts of gas exchange.
URI: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/22836
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00049.2020
ORCID: 0000-0003-1185-2869
Journal: Journal of applied physiology
PubMed URL: 32191596
Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Anesthetic uptake
Mathematical modeling
Second gas effect
Ventilation-perfusion mismatch
Appears in Collections:Journal articles

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