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Title: | Prevalence Estimates of Amyloid Abnormality Across the Alzheimer Disease Clinical Spectrum. | Austin Authors: | Jansen, Willemijn J;Janssen, Olin;Tijms, Betty M;Vos, Stephanie J B;Ossenkoppele, Rik;Visser, Pieter Jelle;Aarsland, Dag;Alcolea, Daniel;Altomare, Daniele;von Arnim, Christine;Baiardi, Simone;Martinez-Lage, Pablo;Maserejian, Nancy;Mattsson, Niklas;de Mendonça, Alexandre;Meyer, Philipp T;Miller, Bruce L;Minatani, Shinobu;Mintun, Mark A;Mok, Vincent C T;Molinuevo, Jose Luis;Baldeiras, Ines;Morbelli, Silvia Daniela;Morris, John C;Mroczko, Barbara;Na, Duk L;Newberg, Andrew;Nobili, Flavio;Nordberg, Agneta;Olde Rikkert, Marcel G M;de Oliveira, Catarina Resende;Olivieri, Pauline;Barthel, Henryk;Orellana, Adela;Paraskevas, George;Parchi, Piero;Pardini, Matteo;Parnetti, Lucilla;Peters, Oliver;Poirier, Judes;Popp, Julius;Prabhakar, Sudesh;Rabinovici, Gil D;Bateman, Randall J;Ramakers, Inez H;Rami, Lorena;Reiman, Eric M;Rinne, Juha O;Rodrigue, Karen M;Rodríguez-Rodriguez, Eloy;Roe, Catherine M;Rosa-Neto, Pedro;Rosen, Howard J;Rot, Uros;Van Berckel, Bart;Rowe, Christopher C ;Rüther, Eckart;Ruiz, Agustín;Sabri, Osama;Sakhardande, Jayant;Sánchez-Juan, Pascual;Sando, Sigrid Botne;Santana, Isabel;Sarazin, Marie;Scheltens, Philip;Binette, Alexa Pichet;Schröder, Johannes;Selnes, Per;Seo, Sang Won;Silva, Dina;Skoog, Ingmar;Snyder, Peter J;Soininen, Hilkka;Sollberger, Marc;Sperling, Reisa A;Spiru, Luisa;Blennow, Kaj;Stern, Yaakov;Stomrud, Erik;Takeda, Akitoshi;Teichmann, Marc;Teunissen, Charlotte E;Thompson, Louisa I;Tomassen, Jori;Tsolaki, Magda;Vandenberghe, Rik;Verbeek, Marcel M;Boada, Merce;Verhey, Frans R J;Villemagne, Victor L ;Villeneuve, Sylvia;Vogelgsang, Jonathan;Waldemar, Gunhild;Wallin, Anders;Wallin, Åsa K;Wiltfang, Jens;Wolk, David A;Yen, Tzu-Chen;Boecker, Henning;Zboch, Marzena;Zetterberg, Henrik;Bottlaender, Michel;den Braber, Anouk;Brooks, David J;Van Buchem, Mark A;Camus, Vincent;Carill, Jose Manuel;Cerman, Jiri;Chen, Kewei;Chételat, Gaël;Chipi, Elena;Cohen, Ann D;Daniels, Alisha;Delarue, Marion;Didic, Mira;Drzezga, Alexander;Dubois, Bruno;Eckerström, Marie;Ekblad, Laura L;Engelborghs, Sebastiaan;Epelbaum, Stéphane;Fagan, Anne M;Fan, Yong;Fladby, Tormod;Fleisher, Adam S;Van der Flier, Wiesje M;Förster, Stefan;Fortea, Juan;Frederiksen, Kristian Steen;Freund-Levi, Yvonne;Frings, Lars;Frisoni, Giovanni B;Fröhlich, Lutz;Gabryelewicz, Tomasz;Gertz, Hermann-Josef;Gill, Kiran Dip;Gkatzima, Olymbia;Gómez-Tortosa, Estrella;Grimmer, Timo;Guedj, Eric;Habeck, Christian G;Hampel, Harald;Handels, Ron;Hansson, Oskar;Hausner, Lucrezia;Hellwig, Sabine;Heneka, Michael T;Herukka, Sanna-Kaisa;Hildebrandt, Helmut;Hodges, John;Hort, Jakub;Huang, Chin-Chang;Iriondo, Ane Juaristi;Itoh, Yoshiaki;Ivanoiu, Adrian;Jagust, William J;Jessen, Frank;Johannsen, Peter;Johnson, Keith A;Kandimalla, Ramesh;Kapaki, Elisabeth N;Kern, Silke;Kilander, Lena;Klimkowicz-Mrowiec, Aleksandra;Klunk, William E;Koglin, Norman;Kornhuber, Johannes;Kramberger, Milica G;Kuo, Hung-Chou;Van Laere, Koen;Landau, Susan M;Landeau, Brigitte;Lee, Dong Young;de Leon, Mony;Leyton, Cristian E;Lin, Kun-Ju;Lleó, Alberto;Löwenmark, Malin;Madsen, Karine;Maier, Wolfgang;Marcusson, Jan;Marquié, Marta | Affiliation: | Molecular Imaging and Therapy The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Molecular Biomarkers in Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació Alzheimer Centre Educacional, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain Biogen, Cambridge, Massachusetts Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division for Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Margaret K.L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Clinic University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital of Białystok, Białystok, Poland Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea Myrna Brind Center of Integrative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University and Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, IRCCS, Genoa, Italy Memory Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Radboudumc Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands Université de Paris, Paris, Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, CEA, CNRS, INSERM, Orsay, France CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin-CBF, Berlin, Deutschland Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Department of Neurology, Nehru Hospital, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain Division of Geriatrics, University of Goettingen Medical School, Goettingen, Germany Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (StOP-AD) Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco Department of Neurology, Medical Center, Zaloska 7, Ljubljana, Slovenia Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany Service of Neurology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, CIBERNED, Santander, Spain Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway Department of Experimental Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Spain Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Section for Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston Neurocenter, Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Coimbra, Portugal Harvard Aging Brain Study, Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Memory Clinic and Longevity Medicine, Ana Aslan International Foundation, Bucharest, Romania Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York Centre de Référence Démences Rares, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Memory and Dementia Center, 3rd Department of Neurology, George Papanicolau General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Departments of Neurology and Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Center of Neurology, Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Research-Scientific-Didactic Centre of Dementia-Related Diseases in Scinawa, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgren's University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen e.V. (DZNE), Bonn, Germany Université Paris-Saclay, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (CEA), French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frederic Joliot, Orsay, France Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Nuclear Medicine, Positron Emission Tomography Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Neurology, University Hospital Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands Unite Mixte de Recherche, INSERM U930, French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) ERL, Tours, France Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Molecular Imaging, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona Centro Disturbi della Memoria, Laboratorio di Neurochimica Clinica, Clinica Neurologica, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Normandie University, University of Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), INSERM, U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes (INS), Marseille, France Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Center for Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium Department of Neurology and the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany Danish Dementia Research Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Memory Clinic, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Greece Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany Aix Marseille University, AP-HM, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Timone Hospital, Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale (CERIMED), Nuclear Medicine Department, Marseille, France Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York Sorbonne University, Clinical Research Group no. 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands Universität Heidelberg, Abteilung Gerontopsychiatrie, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester Neurocenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland Klinikum Bremen-Ost, University of Oldenburg, Institute of Psychology, Oldenburg, Germany Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Chang Gung Memorial Foundation-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, Centro de Investigación y Ciencias Avanzadas-Alzheimer Foundation, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain Department of Neurology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Department of Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Memory Disorder Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College/Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Warangal, Telangana State, India National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Life Molecular Imaging GmbH, Berlin, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea Brain Health Imaging Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York Memory Clinic, Department of Geriatrics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark BrainNow Research Institute, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen, China School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Division of Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Clinic for Neurogeriatrics and Neurological Rehabilitation, University and Rehabilitation Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet Center for Alzheimer Research, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland Healthy Aging Research Center and Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-Infantili (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, IRCCS, Bologna, Italy Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014, Paris, France Laboratory Alzheimer's Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Timone, Service de Neurologie et Neuropsychologie, Hôpital Timone Adultes, Marseille, France Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India Neurology Department and Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte Anne, F-75014, Paris, France Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Memory Clinic, University Department of Geriatric Medicine, Felix Platter-Hospital, Basel, Switzerland Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Translational and Clinical Research Institute, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany Neurology Department and Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Professor Mota Pinto, Coimbra, Portugal Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Geriatrics, Gerontology and Old Age Psychiatry Clinical Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy-Elias, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania Department of Neurology, Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer, Centre de Référence Démences Rares, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London (UCL) Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom UK Dementia Research Institute, London, United Kingdom Department ofPsychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan |
Issue Date: | 1-Mar-2022 | Publication information: | JAMA Neurology 2022; 79(3): 228-243 | Abstract: | One characteristic histopathological event in Alzheimer disease (AD) is cerebral amyloid aggregation, which can be detected by biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and on positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Prevalence estimates of amyloid pathology are important for health care planning and clinical trial design. To estimate the prevalence of amyloid abnormality in persons with normal cognition, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, or clinical AD dementia and to examine the potential implications of cutoff methods, biomarker modality (CSF or PET), age, sex, APOE genotype, educational level, geographical region, and dementia severity for these estimates. This cross-sectional, individual-participant pooled study included participants from 85 Amyloid Biomarker Study cohorts. Data collection was performed from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020. Participants had normal cognition, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, or clinical AD dementia. Normal cognition and subjective cognitive decline were defined by normal scores on cognitive tests, with the presence of cognitive complaints defining subjective cognitive decline. Mild cognitive impairment and clinical AD dementia were diagnosed according to published criteria. Alzheimer disease biomarkers detected on PET or in CSF. Amyloid measurements were dichotomized as normal or abnormal using cohort-provided cutoffs for CSF or PET or by visual reading for PET. Adjusted data-driven cutoffs for abnormal amyloid were calculated using gaussian mixture modeling. Prevalence of amyloid abnormality was estimated according to age, sex, cognitive status, biomarker modality, APOE carrier status, educational level, geographical location, and dementia severity using generalized estimating equations. Among the 19 097 participants (mean [SD] age, 69.1 [9.8] years; 10 148 women [53.1%]) included, 10 139 (53.1%) underwent an amyloid PET scan and 8958 (46.9%) had an amyloid CSF measurement. Using cohort-provided cutoffs, amyloid abnormality prevalences were similar to 2015 estimates for individuals without dementia and were similar across PET- and CSF-based estimates (24%; 95% CI, 21%-28%) in participants with normal cognition, 27% (95% CI, 21%-33%) in participants with subjective cognitive decline, and 51% (95% CI, 46%-56%) in participants with mild cognitive impairment, whereas for clinical AD dementia the estimates were higher for PET than CSF (87% vs 79%; mean difference, 8%; 95% CI, 0%-16%; P = .04). Gaussian mixture modeling-based cutoffs for amyloid measures on PET scans were similar to cohort-provided cutoffs and were not adjusted. Adjusted CSF cutoffs resulted in a 10% higher amyloid abnormality prevalence than PET-based estimates in persons with normal cognition (mean difference, 9%; 95% CI, 3%-15%; P = .004), subjective cognitive decline (9%; 95% CI, 3%-15%; P = .005), and mild cognitive impairment (10%; 95% CI, 3%-17%; P = .004), whereas the estimates were comparable in persons with clinical AD dementia (mean difference, 4%; 95% CI, -2% to 9%; P = .18). This study found that CSF-based estimates using adjusted data-driven cutoffs were up to 10% higher than PET-based estimates in people without dementia, whereas the results were similar among people with dementia. This finding suggests that preclinical and prodromal AD may be more prevalent than previously estimated, which has important implications for clinical trial recruitment strategies and health care planning policies. | URI: | https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/30003 | DOI: | 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5216 | ORCID: | 0000-0002-5832-9875 0000-0003-3910-2453 |
Journal: | JAMA Neurology | PubMed URL: | 35099509 | PubMed URL: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35099509/ | Type: | Journal Article |
Appears in Collections: | Journal articles |
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