Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/25846
Title: Physiological and Pharmacological Roles of PTH and PTHrP in Bone using their Shared Receptor, PTH1R.
Austin Authors: Martin, T John;Sims, Natalie A;Seeman, Ego 
Affiliation: The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
Medicine (University of Melbourne)
Issue Date: 10-Feb-2021
Date: 2021
Publication information: Endocrine Reviews 2021; 42(4): 383-406
Abstract: The hormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and the paracrine factor, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) have preserved in evolution sufficient identities in their amino-terminal domains to share equivalent actions upon a common G protein coupled receptor, PTH1R, that predominantly uses the cyclic AMP (cAMP)-protein kinase A signaling pathway. Such a relationship between a hormone and local factor poses questions about how their common receptor mediates pharmacological and physiological actions of the two. Mouse genetic studies shown that PTHrP is essential for endochondral bone lengthening in the fetus and is essential for bone remodeling. In contrast, the main postnatal function of PTH is hormonal control of calcium homeostasis, with no evidence that PTHrP contributes. Pharmacologically, amino-terminal PTH and PTHrP peptides (teriparatide and abaloparatide) promote bone formation when administered by intermittent (daily) injection. This anabolic effect is remodeling-based with a lesser contribution from modeling. The apparent lesser potency of PTHrP than PTH peptides as skeletal anabolic agents could be explained by lesser bioavailability to PTH1R. By contrast, prolongation of PTH1R stimulation by excessive dosing or infusion, converts the response to a predominantly resorptive one by stimulating osteoclast formation. Physiologically, locally generated PTHrP is better equipped than the circulating hormone to regulate bone remodeling, which occurs asynchronously at widely distributed sites throughout the skeleton where it is needed to replace old or damaged bone. While it remains possible that PTH, circulating within a narrow concentration range, could contribute in some way to remodeling and modeling, its main physiological role is in regulating calcium homeostasis.
URI: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/25846
DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab005
Journal: Endocrine Reviews
PubMed URL: 33564837
Type: Journal Article
Subjects: PTH
PTH1R
PTHrP
abaloparatide
bone modeling
bone remodeling
cyclic AMP
osteoblast
osteoporosis
teriparatide
Appears in Collections:Journal articles

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