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https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/18152| Title: | Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain. | Austin Authors: | Anttila, Verneri;Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan;Finucane, Hilary K;Walters, Raymond K;Bras, Jose;Duncan, Laramie;Escott-Price, Valentina;Falcone, Guido J;Gormley, Padhraig;Malik, Rainer;Patsopoulos, Nikolaos A;Metspalu, Andres;Chen, Wei-Min;Waddington, John;Walters, James;Weiser, Mark;Andlauer, Till F M;Cheng, Wei;Sonnen, Joshua A;Cormand, Bru;Schreiber, Stefan;Poon, Wayne W;Berr, Claudine;Cloninger, Robert;Curtis, David;Gejman, Pablo V;Henskens, Frans;Mattingsdal, Morten;Hannequin, Didier;Forstner, Andreas J;Kubisch, Christian;Oh, Sang-Yun;Macaya, Alfons;De Rubeis, Silvia;Scott, Rodney;Webb, Bradley;Parr, Jeremy;Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni;Breen, Gerome;Churchhouse, Claire;Stern, Robert A;Bulik, Cynthia M;Streit, Fabian;Konkashbaev, Anuar;Daly, Mark;Turecki, Gustavo;Dichgans, Martin;Mitchell, Braxton;Faraone, Stephen V;Ferrari, Michel D;Regan, Regina;Guerreiro, Rita;Sánchez-Mora, Cristina;Holmans, Peter;Lanzagorta, Nuria;Kendler, Kenneth S;Gibbs, Raphael;Letenneur, Luc;Koeleman, Bobby;Mathews, Carol A;Price, Alkes;Van Deerlin, Vivianna M;Scharf, Jeremiah;Rothwell, Peter;Hakonarson, Hakon;Valencia-Duarte, Ana;Sklar, Pamela;Williams, Julie;Goate, Alison M;Huyser, Chaim;Baune, Bernhard T;Belin, Andrea C;Wood, Nicholas W;Cotsapas, Chris;Palotie, Aarno;Smoller, Jordan W;Leboyer, Marion;Sullivan, Patrick;Rosand, Jonathan;Reichenberg, Abraham;Corvin, Aiden;Illmann, Cornelia;Sharma, Pankaj;Air, Tracy;Van Eldik, Linda J;Striano, Pasquale;Neale, Benjamin M;Bramon, Elvira;Schott, Jonathan M;van den Maagdenberg, Arn M J M;Anney, Richard;Elia, Josephine;Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, Maria;Jenike, Michael;Sandin, Sven;Edenberg, Howard J;Battaglia, Agatino;Murray, Robin;Buccola, Nancy;Harold, Denise;Sudlow, Cathie;Ribasés, Marta;Russo, Giancarlo;Rubinsztein, David C;Bayer, Anthony;Kuperman, Samuel;Tsolaki, Magda;Lee, Phil H;Vorstman, Jacob;Attia, John;Wedenoja, Juho;Proitsi, Petra;Fox, Nick C;Hampel, Harald;Owen, Michael J;Mead, Simon;Ripke, Stephan;Leventhal, Bennett;Vicente, Astrid;Passmore, Peter;Demirci, F Yesim;Morgan, Kevin;Nöthen, Markus M;Sinnamon, Grant;Wassink, Thomas;Rossor, Martin;Lupton, Michelle K;Zwart, John-Anker;Hoffmann, Per;Leverenz, James B;Kornhuber, Johannes;Greenberg, Erica;Lawlor, Brian;Casas, Miguel;McQuillin, Andrew;Markus, Hugh;Wray, Naomi R;Al-Chalabi, Ammar;Wijsman, Ellen;Bis, Joshua C;Ruiz, Agustin;Schosser, Alexandra;Buring, Julie E;Boada, Mercè;Seshadri, Sudha;Beiser, Alexa;Boomsma, Dorret;Rice, Kenneth;Hervas, Amaia;Huang, Hailiang;van der Lee, Sven J;De Jager, Philip L;Vepsäläinen, Salli;Cahn, Wiepke;Lochner, Christine;Kourkoulis, Christina;Geschwind, Daniel H;Riemenschneider, Matthias;Riedel-Heller, Steffi;Rotter, Jerome I;Ransmayr, Gerhard;Hyman, Bradley T;Head, Elizabeth;Cruchaga, Carlos;Cairns, Murray;Arranz, Maria Jesús;Lyon, Gholson J;Eriksson, Nicholas;Julià, Antonio;Alegret, Montserrat;Winsvold, Bendik;Pera, Joana;Palta, Priit;Farh, Kai-How;Cuenca-Leon, Ester;Chong, Siow A;MacIntyre, Donald J;Furlotte, Nicholas;Ophoff, Roel;Kurth, Tobias;Olesen, Jes;Haavik, Jan;Cook, Edwin;Chasman, Daniel I;Nyholt, Dale R;Avbersek, Andreja;Cohen, David;Baum, Larry;Ran, Caroline;Porteous, David;Heinzen, Erin L;Berkovic, Samuel F ;Bradfield, Jonathan;Turley, Patrick;Buono, Russell;Catarino, Claudia B;Ligthart, Lannie;Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto;Zayats, Tetyana;Cossette, Patrick;De Jonghe, Peter;Depondt, Chantal;Macciardi, Fabio;Homuth, Georg;Dlugos, Dennis;Ferraro, Thomas N;Raffeld, Miriam;French, Jacqueline;Pozo-Rosich, Patricia;Hjalgrim, Helle;Jamnadas-Khoda, Jennifer;Santangelo, Susan;Grenier-Boley, Benjamin;Johansson, Stefan;Madruga-Garrido, Marcos;Kälviäinen, Reetta;Rivera, Margarita;Kunz, Wolfram S;Lerche, Holger;Levitt, Pat;Leu, Costin;Lindhout, Dick;Lo, Warren;Silliman, Scott;Lowenstein, Daniel;Delorme, Richard;Ryten, Mina;McCormack, Mark;Møller, Rikke S;Heutink, Peter;Quinn, Joseph F;Williams, Nigel;Molloy, Anne;Chouraki, Vincent;Ng, Ping-Wing;Oliver, Karen L;Privitera, Michael;Radtke, Rodney;Salomaa, Veikko;Ruppert, Ann-Kathrin;Rogé, Bernadette;Crowley, James;Amouyel, Philippe;Betancur, Catalina;Sander, Thomas;Schachter, Steven;Dempfle, Astrid;Schankin, Christoph;Scheffer, Ingrid E ;Schoch, Susanne;Malaty, Irene A;Kamatani, Yoichiro;Kaye, Jeffrey A;Sisodiya, Sanjay M;Boraska Perica, Vesna;Magalhaes, Tiago;Grove, Jakob;Thornton, Laura M;Huckins, Laura M;William Rayner, N;Lewis, Cathryn M;Surges, Rainer;Maras, Athanasios;Espeseth, Thomas;Gratacos, Monica;Rybakowski, Filip;Gordon, Scott D;Keski-Rahkonen, Anna;Raevuori, Anu;Smith, Philip;Kukull, Walter A;Hudson, James I;Boland, Anne;Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted;Davidson, Michael;McGrath, Lauren;Monteleone, Palmiero;Karwautz, Andreas;Rothenberger, Aribert;Mannik, Katrin;Baker, Jessica H;O'Toole, Julie K;Middeldorp, Christel M;Borck, Guntram;Arking, Dan;DeLisi, Lynn;Trace, Sara E;Miguel, Eurípedes C;Davis, Oliver S P;Helder, Sietske G;Ehrlich, Stefan;Deleuze, Jean-François;Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate;Huentelman, Matthew J;Danner, Unna N;Hickie, Ian;Mitchell, James;van Elburg, Annemarie A;Clementi, Maurizio;Alfredsson, Lars;Schulze, Thomas G;Forzan, Monica;Adams, Hieab H H;Docampo, Elisa;Lissowska, Jolanta;Hauser, Joanna;Tortorella, Alfonso;Battey, Thomas;Maj, Mario;Pergadia, Michele;Schürks, Markus;Pato, Carlos;Duron, Emmanuelle;Gonidakis, Fragiskos;Thompson, Robert C;Tziouvas, Konstantinos;Papezova, Hana;Yilmaz, Zeynep;Dinan, Timothy;Lehtimäki, Terho;Wagner, Gudrun;Kuntsi, Jonna;Mehta, Divya;Mir, Pablo;Oades, Robert D;Banaschewski, Tobias;Franke, Barbara;Buitelaar, Jan K;Rabionet, Raquel;Donohoe, Gary;Arias Vasquez, Alejandro;Doyle, Alysa E;Thomas, G Neil;Reif, Andreas;Lesch, Klaus-Peter;Cohen-Woods, Sarah;Huang, Jie;Freitag, Christine;Hrafnsdottir, Maria;Kamboh, M Ilyas;Drapeau, Elodie;Rivero, Olga;Palmason, Haukur;Strohmaier, Jana;Romanos, Marcel;Langley, Kate;Rietschel, Marcella;Nestadt, Gerald;Visscher, Frank;Smit, Johannes H;Witt, Stephanie H;Duan, Jubao;Dalsgaard, Soeren;Børglum, Anders D;Waldman, Irwin;Hottenga, Jouke-Jan;Wilmot, Beth;Martin, Nicholas G;Larson, Eric B;Levey, Allan I;Molly, Nikolas;Bau, Claiton H D;Maestrini, Elena;Hulette, Christine M;Crosbie, Jennifer;Whelan, Christopher D;Schachar, Russell;Loo, Sandra K;McGough, James J;Grevet, Eugenio H;Medland, Sarah E;Nicolini, Humberto;Marson, Anthony;Hanna, Gregory L;Penninx, Brenda;Robinson, Elise;Jansen, Rick;Weiss, Lauren A;Rogaeva, Ekaterina;Bacchelli, Elena;Zara, Federico;Bailey, Anthony;Matthews, Keith;Okun, Michael S;Haan, Lieuwe;Melle, Ingrid;Morris, Derek;Blackwood, Douglas;McIntosh, Andrew;Bolton, Patrick;Bergen, Sarah E;Farrer, Lindsay A;Dick, Danielle M;Schalling, Martin;Jamain, Stéphane;Bal, Vanessa;Mok, Kin Y;Maaser, Anna;Becker, Felicitas;Montgomery, Grant W;Fischer, Sascha B;Reinbold, Céline S;de Geus, Eco;Fullerton, Janice M;Guzman-Parra, José;Mayoral, Fermin;Hougaard, David;Vardarajan, Badri N;Pakstis, Andrew;Schofield, Peter R;Cichon, Sven;Barnes, Lisa L;Mühleisen, Thomas W;Stroink, Hans;Degenhardt, Franziska;Martinez, Maria;Kurki, Mitja I;Hansen, Thomas;Schumacher, Johannes;Bauer, Michael;Loehrer, Elizabeth;Mitchell, Philip B;Ripatti, Samuli;Gershon, Elliot S;Rice, John;Potash, James B;Zandi, Peter P;Craddock, Nick;Karachanak-Yankova, Sena;Lundervold, Astri J;Zimprich, Fritz;Beach, Thomas G;Paschou, Peristera;Ferrier, I Nicol;Wei, Zhi;Alda, Martin;Andreassen, Ole A;Rouleau, Guy A;Dunn, Erin;Saykin, Andrew J;Li, Qingqin S;Nauck, Matthias;Schoevers, Robert A;Beekman, Aartjan Tf;Anjorin, Adebayo;Knowles, James A;Sandor, Cynthia;Cantor, Rita;Viktorin, Alexander;Arnold, Paul;Strober, Michael;Jicha, Gregory A;Steen, Vidar M;Morris, Huw R;Barr, Cathy L;Bedoya-Berrio, Gabriel;Piacentini, John;Bienvenu, O Joseph;Brentani, Helena;Burton, Christie;Artto, Ville;Khrunin, Andrey;Camarena, Beatriz;Cappi, Carolina;Webber, Caleb;Cath, Danielle;Pinto, Dalila;Cavallini, Maria;Reitz, Christiane;Sharma, Manu;Cusi, Daniele;Kauwe, John S K;Boncoraglio, Giorgio;Darrow, Sabrina;Celestino-Soper, Patrícia;Denys, Damiaan;Derks, Eske M;Dietrich, Andrea;Fernandez, Thomas;Figee, Martijn;St George-Hyslop, Peter;Scherer, Stephen W;Muller-Myhsok, Bertram;Klovins, Janis;Freimer, Nelson;Terwindt, Gisela M;Gerber, Gloria;Dawson, Geraldine;Grados, Marco;Pittenger, Christopher;Plessen, Kerstin;Ramensky, Vasily;Ramos, Eliana M;Reus, Victor;Hartmann, Andreas;Lieberman, Andrew P;Pulit, Sara;Stahl, Eli;Richter, Margaret A;Riddle, Mark A;Göbel, Hartmut;Duque, Frederico;Padyukov, Leonid;Robertson, Mary M;Roessner, Veit;Kučinskas, Vaidutis;Rosário, Maria;Samuels, Jack F;Sandor, Paul;Gasser, Thomas;Stein, Dan J;Tsetsos, Fotis;Bevan, Steve;Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip;Green, Andrew;Pankratz, Vernon S;Kaunisto, Mari;Halmi, Katherine A;Weatherall, Sarah;Yu, Dongmei;Wendland, Jens R;Leber, Markus;Wolanczyk, Tomasz;Worbe, Yulia;Zai, Gwyneth;Goes, Fernando S;McLaughlin, Nicole;Hämäläinen, Eija;Klauck, Sabine M;Holliday, Elizabeth;Nestadt, Paul S;Sperling, Michael;Grabe, Hans-Jorgen;Czerski, Piotr M;Depienne, Christel;Lee Chee Keong, Jimmy;Limborska, Svetlana;Loughland, Carmel;Lönnqvist, Jouko;Maher, Brion;Werge, Thomas;Bergen, Andrew W;Hirschtritt, Matthew E;Mattheisen, Manuel;McDonald, Colm;Thijs, Vincent N ;Cruceanu, Cristiana;Mane, Shrikant;Schneider, Lon S;Murphy, Kieran C;Nenadic, Igor;van Os, Jim;Pantelis, Christos;Aschauer, Harald;Pato, Michele;Petryshen, Tracey;Kaye, Walter;Quested, Digby;Jones, Ian R;Kaprio, Jaakko;De-Luca, Daniel Moreno-;Roussos, Panos;Freilinger, Tobias;Sanders, Alan R;Hoekstra, Pieter J;Schall, Ulrich;Smith, Amanda G;Schwab, Sibylle G;Sim, Kang;So, Hon-Cheong;Posthuma, Danielle;Szatkiewicz, Jin Peng;Stögmann, Elisabeth;Herms, Stefan;Subramaniam, Mythily;Huang, Alden;Toncheva, Draga | Affiliation: | Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, New Jersey, USA Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Division of Adolescent and Child Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, LaUSAnne University Hospital, LaUSAnne, Switzerland Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services Capital Region Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Institusky 9, Moscow, Russia Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Frederick W. Thompson Anxiety Disorders Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Division of Neuropsychiatry, University College London, London, UK Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK Division Biomedical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry and UF Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Division of Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Genes and Disease Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Genetics and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet Glostrup and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH/UZH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK Department of Pediatrics, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA Department of Psychiatry, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania Department of Translational Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland Alexandru Obregia Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Biometric Psychiatric Genetics Research Unit, Bucharest, Romania Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge, UK School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Institute of Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore 1st and 3rd Departments of Neurology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Greek Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Greece Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany Division of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK Advanced Interventions Service, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK Sorbonne University, GRC n° 21, Alzheimer Precision Medicine (APM), AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France Brain & Spine Institute (ICM), INSERM U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France AXA Research Fund & Sorbonne University Chair, Paris, France Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Clinicum, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland Institute of Prion Diseases and MRC Prion Unit, University College London, London, UK Centre for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK Kiel Pain and Headache Center, Kiel, Germany Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham UK Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Bonn & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany Department of Neurodegeneration, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, UK Human Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Quantinuum Research LLC, San Diego, CA, USA Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Médecine, Paris, France Division of Psychiatry, Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory,University College London, London, UK Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK King's College Hospital, London, UK Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychiatry & Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Barcelona, Spain Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA Neurology and Neurogenetics Core, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA Reference center for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA Center of Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Physiology, Saint Antoine Hospital, Paris, France Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA Neurogenetics Program, Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Center For Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Department of Neurology II, Kepler University Clinic, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria Centre National Maladie 'Syndrome Rare Gilles de la Tourette', Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Départment de Neurologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France School of Psychology, Cardiff University, UK Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Programa Corporatiu "Neurodevelopment Disorders along Life Span", Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain Clinica Galatea y PAIMM, Mental Health Program for Impaired Physicians, Barcelona, Spain Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Epilepsy Society, Chalfont-St-Peter, Bucks, UK Harvard Medical School/McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA 23andMe Inc., Mountain View, CA, US Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Central Institute of Mental Health, Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center and Dept of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal and Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center-Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany Neurogenetics Group, VIB-CMN, Antwerp, Belgium University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium Department of Neurology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA INSERM U1061 - Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France Memory Research and Resources Center, Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA Department of Psychiatry, Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany Amplexa Genetics A/S, Odense, Denmark Department of Biomedicine and Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Center for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Aarhus Genome Center, Aarhus, Denmark Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK Epilepsy Center/Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Department of Epileptology, University Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany INSERM, U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Paris, France Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands Epilepsy Foundation in the Netherlands (SEIN), Heemstede, the Netherlands Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno,Italy Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA INSERM, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France National Alzheimer Coordinating Center (NACC), Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA De Bascule, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland Danish Epilepsy Centre, Filadelfia, Dianalund, Denmark Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA Epilepsy Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France Inserm U1245, Rouen, France Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland Department of Neurology, University of Munich Hospital, Grosshadern, University of Munich, Germany Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Department of Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Institute of Neuropathology, Bonn University Medical School, Bonn, Germany Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, UK University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit-Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa, "G. Gaslini" Institute, Genova, Italy Department of Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA), Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil Section of Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany Center for Integrative Genomics, University of LaUSAnne, LaUSAnne, Switzerland Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, UK Department of Neurology, Admiraal De Ruyter Hospital, Goes, The Netherlands Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Institut de biologie François Jacob, CEA, Evry, France Laboratory of Neurogenetics, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic Department of Neurology, College of Medicine-Jacksonville, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA Boston VA Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA Brigham Women's Hospital Division of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK Department of Neurology and Epileptology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany CWZ Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, SIU, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia Philipps-Universität Marburg and Marburg University Hospital UKGM, Marburg, Germany INSERM U1167 LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167, Lille, France Université de Lille, U1167, RID-AGE, Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France Kartini Clinic, Portland, OR, USA Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Canada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada Department of Gerontology, Hôpital Broca, AH-HP, Paris, France Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany Avera Institute for Human Genetics, Sioux Falls, SD, USA Hôpital Paul Brousse Université Paris Sud XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France INSERM U1220, IRSD, Toulouse, France Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit and Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Zorg op Orde BV, Leidschendam, The Netherlands Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA Division of Psychological & Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosomatic Medicine of University Clinics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany Analytic Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA Translational Genomics Research Institute, Neurogenomics Division, Phoenix, AZ, USA Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Canada Altrecht Eating Disorders Rintveld, Altrecht Mental Health Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands Medical Genetics Unit, Department SDB, University of Padova, Padova, Italy UOC Genetica ed Epidemiologica Clinica Az. Ospedaliera, Padova, Italy Department of Human Genetics, CHU Sart-Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Rheumatology, CHU Sart-Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Cancer Center and M. Sklodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland Department of Psychiatry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy Pediatric Neurology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Eating Disorders Unit, 1st Psychiatric Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands Aglaia Kyriakou Childrens Hospital, Athens, Greece University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic Medical University of Vienna, Austria School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain Department of Genetics, Microbiology & Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA ADHD Outpatient Clinic, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil Departments of Psychology and Human & Molecular Genetics, College Behavioral and Emotional Health Institute, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia Child and Adolescent Mental Health Unit, Hospital Universitario Mútua de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA NORMENT, Div. of Mental Health and Addiction, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway K. G. Jebsen Centre for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WA, USA MRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Center for Psychosis Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA The Mindich Child Health & Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada The Centre for Applied Genomics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Neurosciences and Mental Health Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, UK UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Biopsychosocial Corporation, Vienna, Austria Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Centre for Neural Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Zentren für Seelische Gesundheit, BBRZ-Med, Vienna, Austria Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA School of Medicine, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA BioRealm, Walnut, California, USA Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA Landspitali National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Sección de Neuropediatría, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Cardiff University, Medical Research Council Center for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Institute of Psychology, Medicine & Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff, UK Center for Applied Genomics of The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA Stella Maris Clinical Research Institute for Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Pisa, Italy Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Paris, France Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre in Mental Health Maudsley Hospital, London, UK University College London, London, UK LifeOmic, Indianapolis, IN, USA Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute - BioISI, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Rush Alzheimers Disease Center, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA Child Developmental Center, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal University Clinic of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Dept of Clinical Genetics, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Division of Molecular Genome Analysis and Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Inserm U955, Psychiatrie Translationnelle, Créteil, France Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est, Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Cognitive Genetics and Cognitive Therapy Group, Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre, School of Psychology and Discipline of Biochemistry, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK Northumberland, Tyne & Wear NHS Foundation Trust, Northumberland, UK Genomics Medicine Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany Clinic of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, AZ, USA Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada Hospital for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Cologne, Germany Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Center for Psychiatric Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, ME, USA Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert Debre Hospital, APHP, Paris, France Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches en Psychopathologie et Psychologie de la Santé (CERPPS), Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France CERESA, Toulouse, France Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Academic Centre on Rare Diseases University College Dublin (ACoRD/UCD), Dublin, Ireland McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Centre for Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometery, University of Tubingen, Germany Layton Aging & Alzheimer's Disease Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, USA Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA SRH University Heidelberg, Academy for Psychotherapy, Heidelberg, Germany Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK Fundació Docència i Recerca Mútua Terrassa Yulius Academy, Yulius Mental Health Organization, Barendrecht, The Netherlands Department Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain Headache Research Group, VHIR, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia Bela Menso Brain and Behaviour Centre, James Cook University, Varsity Lakes, Australia Bond University, Faculty of Society and Design, Robina, Australia Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Priority Research Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Neurosciences, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain University of Virginia Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Roskilde, Denmark Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Health and Hospital Service, Brisbane, Australia Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Research and Innovation, GGZ Ingeest, Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Janssen Research & Development LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA Dept of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Geriatrics Research and Education Clinical Center, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Research School of Behavioural and Cognitive Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore Department of Psychiatry GGZ INGEEST, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada Grupo de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France Depto. Farmacogenética, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico Centre Hosp. Univ Lille, Lille, France Department of Psychiatry, Sao Paulo Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen and University Medical Center, Groningen, the Netherlands Department of Specialized Trainings, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Care Services, Assen, the Netherlands National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México, Mexico Clinical Research, Grupo Médico Carracci, Mexico City, Mexico Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA Department of Neurology and Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Care Center (PADRECC), Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 7222 Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et Robotiques, Paris, France Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Fixel Center for Neurological Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine University of Cantabria-IDIVAL, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Minerva Neurosciences Inc., Waltham, MA, USA Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA Netherlands Twin Register, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy Columbia University, New York, NY, USA School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Department of Psychiatry, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics (NICOG) Centre, School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA Center for Psychiatric Genetics, NorthShore University HealthSystem Research Institute, Evanston, IL, USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Arkin, Amsterdam, the Netherlands School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria Bio4Dreams Srl, Milan, Italy Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy PhD Program in Neuroscience, University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy Department of Molecular Bases of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Youthdale Treatment Centers, Toronto, Canada Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, London, UK Centre for Psychiatry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK Ashford & St Peters NHS Foundation Trust, Surrey, UK School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK NORMENT, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Research Unit, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway Unidad de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan NSW Health Pathology, Newcastle, Australia Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social Genetics & Developmental Psychiatry Center, MRC, Kings College London, London, UK NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London & Maudsley NHS Trust & King's College London, London, UK Departments of Psychiatry and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany |
Issue Date: | 22-Jun-2018 | Publication information: | Science (New York, N.Y.) 2018; 360(6395): eaap8757 | Abstract: | Disorders of the brain can exhibit considerable epidemiological comorbidity and often share symptoms, provoking debate about their etiologic overlap. We quantified the genetic sharing of 25 brain disorders from genome-wide association studies of 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants and assessed their relationship to 17 phenotypes from 1,191,588 individuals. Psychiatric disorders share common variant risk, whereas neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders. We also identified significant sharing between disorders and a number of brain phenotypes, including cognitive measures. Further, we conducted simulations to explore how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity affect genetic correlations. These results highlight the importance of common genetic variation as a risk factor for brain disorders and the value of heritability-based methods in understanding their etiology. | URI: | https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/18152 | DOI: | 10.1126/science.aap8757 | ORCID: | 0000-0002-0073-4675 0000-0003-3864-9828 0000-0001-8422-6530 0000-0003-1131-661X 0000-0003-1784-5483 0000-0002-6407-0302 0000-0002-8908-6968 0000-0001-9212-2520 0000-0003-3622-835X 0000-0001-6059-4267 0000-0001-7901-4365 0000-0003-1770-3100 0000-0003-2053-1792 0000-0001-7772-3264 0000-0002-0949-8752 0000-0002-0654-387X 0000-0002-9217-3982 0000-0003-0870-9412 0000-0001-7749-182X 0000-0003-2208-7058 0000-0001-9715-4943 0000-0002-4069-0259 0000-0002-9500-3348 0000-0002-7772-5910 0000-0002-0381-6334 0000-0002-6619-873X 0000-0002-1014-9138 0000-0001-6717-4089 0000-0003-1513-6077 0000-0002-2311-2174 0000-0002-6614-8417 0000-0003-4580-841X |
Journal: | Science (New York, N.Y.) | PubMed URL: | 29930110 | Type: | Journal Article |
| Appears in Collections: | Journal articles |
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