Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/10625
Title: Liver disease and the renin-angiotensin system: recent discoveries and clinical implications.
Austin Authors: Lubel, John S;Herath, Chandana B;Burrell, Louise M ;Angus, Peter W 
Affiliation: Medicine (University of Melbourne)
Issue Date: 28-Jun-2008
Publication information: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2008; 23(9): 1327-38
Abstract: The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key regulator of vascular resistance, sodium and water homeostasis and the response to tissue injury. Historically, angiotensin II (Ang II) was thought to be the primary effector peptide of this system. Ang II is produced predominantly by the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) on angiotensin I (Ang I). Ang II acts mainly through the angiotensin II type-1 receptor (AT(1)) and, together with ACE, these components represent the 'classical' axis of the RAS. Drug therapies targeting the RAS by inhibiting Ang II formation (ACE inhibitors) or binding to its receptor (angiotensin receptor blockers) are now in widespread clinical use and have been shown to reduce tissue injury and fibrosis in cardiac and renal disease independently of their effects on blood pressure. In 2000, two groups using different methodologies identified a homolog of ACE, called ACE2, which cleaves Ang II to form the biologically active heptapeptide, Ang-(1-7). Conceptually, ACE2, Ang-(1-7), and its putative receptor, the mas receptor represent an 'alternative' axis of the RAS capable of opposing the often deleterious actions of Ang II. Interestingly, ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers increase Ang-(1-7) production and it has been proposed that some of the beneficial effects of these drugs are mediated through upregulation of Ang-(1-7) rather than inhibition of Ang II production or receptor binding. The present review focuses on the novel components and pathways of the RAS with particular reference to their potential contribution towards the pathophysiology of liver disease.
URI: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/10625
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05461.x
ORCID: 
Journal: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18557800
Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Angiotensin I
Angiotensin II.metabolism
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers.pharmacology
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors.pharmacology
Angiotensins.metabolism
Animals
Humans
Hypertension, Portal.metabolism
Kallikreins.metabolism
Kinins.metabolism
Liver.enzymology.metabolism.physiopathology
Liver Cirrhosis.metabolism
Liver Diseases.metabolism.physiopathology
Peptide Fragments.metabolism
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A.metabolism
Proto-Oncogene Proteins.metabolism
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled.metabolism
Renin-Angiotensin System.drug effects
Appears in Collections:Journal articles

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