Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/12774
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dc.contributor.authorBaker, Kate Sen
dc.contributor.authorDallman, Timothy Jen
dc.contributor.authorAshton, Philip Men
dc.contributor.authorDay, Martinen
dc.contributor.authorHughes, Gwendaen
dc.contributor.authorCrook, Paul Den
dc.contributor.authorGilbart, Victoria Len
dc.contributor.authorZittermann, Sandraen
dc.contributor.authorAllen, Vanessa Gen
dc.contributor.authorHowden, Benjamin Pen
dc.contributor.authorTomita, Takehiroen
dc.contributor.authorValcanis, Maryen
dc.contributor.authorHarris, Simon Ren
dc.contributor.authorConnor, Thomas Ren
dc.contributor.authorSintchenko, Vitalien
dc.contributor.authorHoward, Peteren
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Jeremy Den
dc.contributor.authorPetty, Nicola Ken
dc.contributor.authorGouali, Malikaen
dc.contributor.authorThanh, Duy Phamen
dc.contributor.authorKeddy, Karen Hen
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Anthony Men
dc.contributor.authorTalukder, Kaisar Aen
dc.contributor.authorFaruque, Shah Men
dc.contributor.authorParkhill, Julianen
dc.contributor.authorBaker, Stephenen
dc.contributor.authorWeill, François-Xavieren
dc.contributor.authorJenkins, Claireen
dc.contributor.authorThomson, Nicholas Ren
dc.date.accessioned2015-05-16T02:30:49Z
dc.date.available2015-05-16T02:30:49Z
dc.date.issued2015-04-27en
dc.identifier.citationThe Lancet. Infectious Diseases 2015; 15(8): 913-21en
dc.identifier.govdoc25936611en
dc.identifier.otherPUBMEDen
dc.identifier.urihttps://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/12774en
dc.description.abstractShigellosis is an acute, severe bacterial colitis that, in high-income countries, is typically associated with travel to high-risk regions (Africa, Asia, and Latin America). Since the 1970s, shigellosis has also been reported as a sexually transmitted infection in men who have sex with men (MSM), in whom transmission is an important component of shigellosis epidemiology in high-income nations. We aimed to use sophisticated subtyping and international sampling to determine factors driving shigellosis emergence in MSM linked to an outbreak in the UK.We did a large-scale, cross-sectional genomic epidemiological study of shigellosis cases collected from 29 countries between December, 1995, and June 8, 2014. Focusing on an ongoing epidemic in the UK, we collected and whole-genome sequenced clinical isolates of Shigella flexneri serotype 3a from high-risk and low-risk regions, including cases associated with travel and sex between men. We examined relationships between geographical, demographic, and clinical patient data with the isolate antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic data, and inferred evolutionary relationships.We obtained 331 clinical isolates of S flexneri serotype 3a, including 275 from low-risk regions (44 from individuals who travelled to high-risk regions), 52 from high-risk regions, and four outgroup samples (ie, closely related, but genetically distinct isolates used to determine the root of the phylogenetic tree). We identified a recently emerged lineage of S flexneri 3a that has spread intercontinentally in less than 20 years throughout regions traditionally at low risk for shigellosis via sexual transmission in MSM. The lineage had acquired multiple antimicrobial resistance determinants, and prevailing sublineages were strongly associated with resistance to the macrolide azithromycin. Eight (4%) of 206 isolates from the MSM-associated lineage were obtained from patients who had previously provided an isolate; these serial isolations indicated atypical infection patterns (eg, reinfection).We identified transmission-facilitating behaviours and atypical course(s) of infection as precipitating factors in shigellosis-affected MSM. The intercontinental spread of antimicrobial-resistant shigella through established transmission routes emphasises the need for new approaches to tackle the public health challenge of sexually transmitted infections in MSM.Wellcome Trust (grant number 098051).en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.titleIntercontinental dissemination of azithromycin-resistant shigellosis through sexual transmission: a cross-sectional study.en
dc.typeJournal Articleen
dc.identifier.journaltitleThe Lancet. Infectious diseasesen
dc.identifier.affiliationNSW Enteric Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research-Pathology West, Sydney, NSW, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationDepartment of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationInfectious Diseases Department, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationMarie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationThe London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; The Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme and Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationDepartment of HIV and STIs, Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationGastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, London, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationWellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationPublic Health Ontario Laboratories, Toronto, ON, Canadaen
dc.identifier.affiliationCardiff School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationField Epidemiology Services, Public Health England, London, UKen
dc.identifier.affiliationThe ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationCentre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research-Pathology West, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australiaen
dc.identifier.affiliationOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.en
dc.identifier.affiliationFaculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Centre for Enteric Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.en
dc.identifier.affiliationInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.en
dc.identifier.affiliationInstitut Pasteur, Unité des Bactéries Pathogènes Entériques, Paris, France.en
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00002-Xen
dc.relation.urlhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25936611en
dc.type.austinJournal Articleen
local.name.researcherHowden, Benjamin P
item.openairecristypehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18cf-
item.cerifentitytypePublications-
item.fulltextNo Fulltext-
item.grantfulltextnone-
item.languageiso639-1en-
item.openairetypeJournal Article-
crisitem.author.deptInfectious Diseases-
crisitem.author.deptMicrobiology-
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