Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/16538
Title: Sodium and its role in cardiovascular disease - the debate continues
Austin Authors: Kong, Yee Wen;Baqar, Sara;Jerums, George ;Ekinci, Elif I 
Affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT, Australia
Issue Date: 23-Dec-2016
Date: 2016-12-23
Publication information: Frontiers in Endrocrinology 2016; 7: 164
Abstract: Guidelines have recommended significant reductions in dietary sodium intake to improve cardiovascular health. However, these dietary sodium intake recommendations have been questioned as emerging evidence has shown that there is a higher risk of cardiovascular disease with a low sodium diet, including in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This may be related to the other pleotropic effects of dietary sodium intake. Therefore, despite recent review of dietary sodium intake guidelines by multiple organizations, including the dietary guidelines for Americans, American Diabetes Association, and American Heart Association, concerns about the impact of the degree of sodium restriction on cardiovascular health continue to be raised. This literature review examines the effects of dietary sodium intake on factors contributing to cardiovascular health, including left ventricular hypertrophy, heart rate, albuminuria, rennin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation, serum lipids, insulin sensitivity, sympathetic nervous system activation, endothelial function, and immune function. In the last part of this review, the association between dietary sodium intake and cardiovascular outcomes, especially in individuals with diabetes, is explored. Given the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes and the increasing incidence of diabetes worldwide, this review is important in summarizing the recent evidence regarding the effects of dietary sodium intake on cardiovascular health, especially in this population.
URI: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/16538
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00164
Journal: Frontiers in Endrocrinology
PubMed URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28066329
Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Sodium intake
Salt intake
Dietary sodium intake
Diabetes mellitus
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular death
Morbidity and mortality
Chronic kidney disease
Appears in Collections:Journal articles

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